| Abstract |
Methods .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Results and discussion ........................................................................................................................ 8 Data set ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Global trend .................................................................................................................................. 10 Tropical and temperate zones ...................................................................................................... 12 Regions .......................................................................................................................................... 14 Management................................................................................................................................. 18 Reasons for population increase................................................................................................... 21 Results in context..............................................................................................................................22 Regional declines are particularly pronounced in Europe (−75%) and Latin America & Caribbean (−91%) ........................................................................................................................................... 22 Declines are less pronounced in North America (−35%) .............................................................. 23 Asia-Oceania shows the smallest average decline of any region (−28%) ..................................... 23 Information is lacking for Africa....................................................................................................24 Populations with documented threats declined by an average −96% ......................................... 24 Populations where information on local threats is missing also declined ................................... 24 Populations that receive a form of management decreased less than unmanaged ones ........... 25 Recorded reasons for increases were mostly unknown or undescribed......................................26 Considerations .................................................................................................................................. 27
Conclusions and recommendations..................................................................................................28 References ........................................................................................................................................ 30 Appendix ........................................................................................................................................... 36 The LPI, its calculation and interpretation .................................................................................... 36 |